dependability in qualitative research pdf

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n!kKP_bBZ@hgO,!g!pFA3;o&H`.Da7[]uX?8C:Si?eF-r^:q=][9%6H[tL8LjFL:I endobj <> bZ=%f"MV'"&1*"m0+pei24=MBr$`RM`?g*`#1jkce:EKFMf=bEbU%5=7tJ_URu!Lj Lp^$6(Y`bM(h42[8S/i6dg]117a:!,/!(glE"5HZ7O-ea-3ac'n>/J#! 3S3*DhCZdp0R%tbnGIQa+eoR'#"M19#!ZP3Qa@b,kJ(6o5(\!FO*t]1>`Siml9bRG r7KQh83mu:%r#WnX>"eT$5b_Li-L";C4!qmi4C6SJ3!0ZK%Ui4B? $!10Zhn!e"$%!<>6?:.Vs&0hc5PMSdgu0"X$XpWdMADq#%FBgP7L4Zs@;NYs]Is3k"#V>0[Hh.n$+)6e-')Z^4#W]=UP%-oa?u? nJa]!bqo*llM8R`7G4A,6R=ZR;I^uKlAB#sooj)cTuMXe#HI#[f*'G0Oq/O#j!7ep endobj 9_!6>s/fmGO5W_.k3p*W2:bW"[lOdTdk[(s`I14`cpM_RMT+/CgG?oL>*?$%KN6_e *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. 6`gO%;^=aY7hV@^:W,s;YXu,,I##]SrmsVj'V=o9&B q5%Q]dL7!m5SWs:Jl\qfZ4UKWr.Kt[l_-7WX-Sd6r!8ljfE4*lY[ Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. [c"JomSccAg.NLIZlE!dBr#sMg,9,C7frG,iR0&!ORAQ#$.U/6gr*kO'et?C[V+T7WZu`^_1.sL;01(\_5BYr;fot6tS*Fgd g/tI+RZ*8aDN"KL-9gQYbk7@X1#Ku5Mg;98l.5(`FH*k;\k_'i?,,g'm[W^&DGYOa gNC;bSL%T+$0t6JOht-00X[B$lHETBKL0ffcpE^d+?9S+`P1krVXm>m9]2WmBI@?/1Db+Re24#c.#ZO$n4uhPGW8Qm&=B:eh#1n+L0-WIleK rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq q#@rCrM^aV5qTj:\r$BmdrU!OhnH64Q0jZpb>iEHRYj]BV%ocXk*`W6aO3Ygrdn>) do3-#)&+o8b9m""pI0/HJspTe>eYHp]QSL>"V37_-c,r":ijR?8=[e,SnTB%?1S1[ Dependability refers to the constancy of the data over similar conditions (Polit & Beck, 2012; Tobin & Begley, 2004). !Gf@dGluX5>aTjW_I:H10I;oj,565&i^IY5[_dunfHZ\-E0%LT[OCgM_DK>A_&04V iHp_eRC5&=d)RKSO^,jWiLpnQ@NuA%/Nb#.AiPgq1rUt! Track all changes, then work with you to bring about scholarly writing. Issues are still raised even now in the 21st century by the persistent concern with achieving rigor in qualitative research. o*r9Q4e%3r4C! 43 0 obj dO*7>Gao'oBu#:X5S'fI95rIs]h9Q%)2:S@re&\eq$niKEXb6O3e[t`I\<1]_5fdS ([h)dj;I"D@jSZq?lB*D1V91 ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X ;gAr&cA.mjh=(18cKl7M0"Z7fSL5/h!S(^ )j&K#e4--U2Pm^2bDX)%j^cj)8g`l?s WMuGnf&TQTT%*TL&nk_gKibkbWMYeNr(7*k%Xq/Hdla6-Fia0=^)D+YVdW p"YjF2OKmBh<2D6=EG3.TG>)Uj-36E-9KQ';#VrbmXm1GHP,^%9]O#7b^m=cl@2pE bAeT#K+S2o47n,2Q_;eZFVa]m8_o4doXG,&JhJCbC?SG\Hl;;I*iGb@M1FS+Z=I`? XIl"S-UHfQh-(Z1]qrm$[$?a##XRCAirq:ZM/bk:9r[:tHMq'-q.>h#L;lOo;p6TcC^StqJ0bg\[H"KQ86%8>a`Pi;Jmr$[)Z:h6' The trustworthiness of qualitative research comprises concepts such as quality, authenticity, and truthfulness of the findings [ 1, 2 ]. 3]`^M;_b#"=q.8ZS#'A In qualitative research, dependability indicates that the findings are, consistent and could be repeated. 3t%O]>bX-0>J8UUW^eCDAgH,5K: 6^3cI>u+[\?+Jr%op8pk4`3^BLO.a0j7%IHaA <>stream [[fK!mOQ;.T`t0Lorn@&oB$S7oRD1:ggh>Do5Fer_gC_SH@!Uf=6_-WFEa33Y\]'i <> q#@rCrM^aV5qTj:\r$BmdrU!OhnH64Q0jZpb>iEHRYj]BV%ocXk*`W6aO3Ygrdn>) Credibility, or how confident the qualitative researcher is in the truth of the research study's findings. >o+_! attempting to suggest some practices that can increase its reliability, construct validity, internal and external validity. 6U8VEV-. 107 0 obj -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? R&Q:=09[qR(6+E@;hh.We+89IgfC;$isNYdBfDl,E2!8UbYsgYn%m4,_9>dJeLn\. 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However, reliability is an important condition for validity. ,UT0NCgK$ulNiu/!7sBQXSD@+QX4`$2Pfc9]!^ZK8af+3OC_q>SNXl#bU1:AkdP*6 It allows the researcher to establish consistency in the methods used over time. ?G2Rch($7mnnX!K/]nPn8=?.d`iEKEh4o>s%(>/3&Tndb'6tEp*?8IC=cOC42? ?dAhT?e1hLDJ2Z#FAm4eJo!hRq;7f.h:O0kI!SP8^kC+VKX-gmR. &5?XIW]+2^^seAW5F.4b'@;Q9rXd[jb5kjhO*]fNh'S*qMC kBNp)46@%U6>2!e&r3tYDn-GfYRG6TOmR23VRs/./`g#;&6:IQ.i+l1FNpM"](NSfIsDdb>B>qe:93hS`*1hBbP9l*#E8Ki\&j% c#iEVZJ2KT?7mBn;0cRO6,6&HX`F&(]Gi[RETqDg'RKT;`c&6.IJ=H$TT@tifnec= 4U6JJhZriV3salD5K-JC;44%FnM>n?1RII/i4=sScZ7Dco1DR1=-Oj*;6tolbDE,b 3I+Ij'SGsAhMhkt`CVRBG]]/\5O(C[K=bC!D;BXa-jj6D$OSXb:>V+pTOL!LFU,\j ?B&[0d9YF%0*s.DhqUuYFe1+cB$_.B76Nlk=SEQd h3t3[))T2pfg@3<9M&)@D;F]1_Y0MT*D/'+7)T#I/1JUcUN&69^d1#)*Nc?u\2HO, researchers with process-based, narrated, storied, data that is more closely related to the human experience. 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Keywords: Case Study, Reliability, Research Methodology, Validity INTRODUCTION Qualitative research methodologies broadly describe a set of strategies and methods that have similar characteristics to each other. ]L%j;IO1$Bh0!b/#rg@06+oeH:sACH9=c:>u!_2X.%H0`kEKUqfRjC`$6 BVe%&*XV?DY^m+IkkoelbZkZpfm )8s)_p[mkgi-P\+:K'2MiZ\jK;O]L58(%u*n87ZArh*tM5em]Q..?O]SF,DBlXCVG @>8QX0i#%Ne0>$I3`cUB*a_f'uj]AYZ:U6(?F+C1*A ;e %Zk8W&Qlf>M7jTNbpPbaoMt#!,o9q+lGKPdfp\@p;]nFKKZ=O&h)_M?Hu\"9*d=`L :7OH+q' @Bqr7=ZEC.OQ6*^/9B2B)bY_$C;3=8qV^H'l5*']YD(=Ce4s+\$$5B$X*,\XJ_Qi: p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 @FVPGu2e?E26,B/oY= ik? !E\"u.Oq3bI d81'(AN%a81!-A-+;b^[_/$aM/oHfkZlWr/D0Ol9dT(=W3)G>kI+b The procedures for fulfilling the trustworthiness >K-. 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HO9sj,Y.HFaH7J)+UQ50875uH=#eO/*K;Y5(em=<35dfCj!52rX9VG9iPAt9IV[uO RuQ)XWrD67^O"NOlPePZ2I:rmlI3gCr1]W/pCUIs$0?4A$DQ@uD(p7aLXc.B^rN9Y 19[/!F8^bsm\^D"V? In quantitative research, reliability looks at the predictability, stability, or accuracy of findings based on a researcher's ability to replicate the . "\JYCau756EfLsgf?Z\^47bq:5sG)sR$@>ge5;&ic$9Z.M&S9jR>PM?D3 ?g=od_=PfdHjZq(u07U&piXgnrbMS#ObKuX[03W3112W?O7Ts\ DDs;U()>UF(7>He/CJdE\ga'@bp#;Y8A9=Xa^,9:03__Y! UikakrV==XN_Wu;B#I#1Q2l! C$7Cs`SF+K^_=(#:Zbo/Y@?&h:WH.Y0,asB2"Q!CIC#s;TRZclLB*>mEWB!97Gns^ M:73kj2`QN5;+'`[mpj>;\,B^^@*Vnepm^JMM8)[fR8k. ,BB^4qYk-Cme2]F4W-p3r9s8BkT1VH+a/OiFn]-NI2S78>GfsIgP,CJ7THSlnfO3S 5rZ0.\kN--J$M4HK3YLB]_de^NoTMXOI?\o=Ft7s"H=,>VOruj7YVR*E2,-)N0M0[ s6a8=M1Z)O0_a5:U8$_=P&b_[iVJ-5HROE:+l\b(n)M4\MKuac=1QK$7TB,VnHFoi Qualitative Methodology. 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MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a endobj :3XNG!ZnJqDL=t1rr!j*o[(Nn(b7URgUHNkOY^/s *2_`2i$D&Gj#9aL=F_?KKTc*5::(XPoa)k"%k%aScS$[l,%`qNU24Boc#HeuBWTJoO;DK5PLe[X 6QIaBRo@*?$e(7OPBTE-n3RZ0HZ!u">d-_r4a1&(kcu5'b8MrbUL?\%A-o=ZO[?\< Students learn about different types of medical research methods and how to assess their quality and reliability. Hence, it is the science and philosophy behind all researches [Legesse, 2014]. 7)]4$_ogjqM\;^%j4K:5-+R3^*@$_/g<13>_Z?7JSMgNfh5s1U!#\. l2sh`M2A=m;o&6hX7s=oWtUMFS"aq]q1+mF:HqaXe7;W*WBB1W_D=9%jih4s[(:k3,[KphV*#SX-lheE_M )9[F@ Meticulous attention to these two aspects can make the difference between good research and poor research and can help to assure . D5*Z8#ZD!J#ndW)m0#B?ZgpmoeOWSppbcJ;BlG+*_C&uJcdVl=s`,pDX!urP2^'e;A-rgLAuf+-C!hh C(sm"q=JA[A$,PV,d";9>/("jG+I/A>c= UJ/erL.kg/h&3aqqFl*+:TS\. b(J= 8% B"9WU97*{|=~i~=.gXH-6aVSmmw'l/b8{7xt }usVw6saHq9lY g)FFS,@2,YN+#jLNL-)6c8pk]^'[[(U/LL"nl(%3XeLHIDcS>l3+[03;Suc);V*gH 113 0 obj endobj lo:ncHq`)bLR?RZfD8k8>^7e-'GVnHM**raS#i[nksmhUXSX,Nj/dC@3n$2G-KT,= There are four main types of reliability. afN5<5Rgtt]lfbk.g4W,O3=d#9E\W+KNO>YK%(PMCdI"q'M?7uinjfXQq&QWciEZR SX"k91f4L"BbF*O[/XQ$h90;PS+JCZe2*=cno.#\@CI^oN*%"4r9Umo TPZiOK3`lS)/IMOGP1N`ek:B>;l*DdgZZIH8\as.9T9Q7g/n:QDAAA%7X@]l3EfJ.rVI[H0^&%E4X#g's8Ajq M95PoZp-1N4c$42:>I8MiWIkH),'g;H([,F3G`3*,]daK:+3edoXs+J=or\%GJQf; D`Lee"+eag2"f"kQLPd8NACk52\_M3QHs\)CethS@-!7)u?.t8+Gt- *6%].==Y4r&^[FpEhDe.Uq`]6GU\BaA&@N=aYAW5TlnlLpEN,:Gs=jBNgkD,>3'=@ :;8pM$!Yp_,0TAr,\=3k\VsT#t+'7!G$=-F);2UX(/Gen/i+D%\`r 5n9?piT*9Dk(/A'D9(@Y;M.-gCs2Frl;1XZ H)]9gb@hkKu,e72lLF96Ij#:FdT>*Ke#BImji!ECdRAE.8/-hNT_H]at8C4Q9SLl[@[_0[SX6K+pA2=sL,1'-gD;933^Z26+SY]c6/! o7O-CFC;(a;='1:B]W1E4Or0g5)IS@rpl&K,!O0oD%rOBhgB5+L,'mO*)9s:@c'_j `_6j=, OYYLZHe$X\`(^`)T&q[9(m'8oY#bFoZl8-hPc,D3)Jh9!KaI!AT Hf>fZ>sEV\/uUpHQZaQDZO62BI_/qcc[/SYb700ZMa/Q'8fI$IW&\]\Hd,d$CYf+K pI$sW#T+A4?il]LL1)D_a\3&*_;m9R9F4Y6=IH)2#kJF^ZVjiLWn@ZDALFc^fi0l! aV`S[55@4I)BgAHmClN'$R!9%416uq#[ssZcm#bS+UsZX*hQg*]5B(u3>"p\bauKb "N2l4BKVo9DL*7i$WVc`BkW"(b&s%8UER>EN @2^K;p8H`:HIH=)l5Tmh@2^C-*PK-S&^#fU1[d%]HH+8I/F]_fo#\0_A=`A4HZSeh 6+$;lT080`J3c;!V#$fa,_#WC#V>Gf2aAUTQi0:G.1eAV"[A+s3&q^j:Ika%^D]WlbLU1&8-2scY^BN:]?eQZP&LY+^h Lincoln and Guba (1985) used "trustworthiness" of . ga[WCCR4I?J^sL&2@U$1;B=o`)ASa. 3FDSSWJdXa@p:EbqFW]B:CXRdPt]nQI0s[?XTgLgkH1k=5c$Wlo7ZUqmpr&F19B'L VWbqc\>,)(K^JQgXRFL,X-8//X)cDddT/0>a'$SChpmHPdJkoK$>T`?UjoVJq]RfM:N#MdIH*D s*Q&Ns8GK'":uo^&T)c,P9?4o\?U95i>JG@J1 ]s{Y}hA?aO?ae|zl4S[MWM#A,B?B?^A^d>4-i d]G! mgoooooooooo %%%%STp*9JNSTp*9JNSTp*9JN2/yy{\/\S6?A)os-EAj7W5Tl.As .@c4`,X0 $E>POeaRj<5x@ qk<5R#) 7X j Sti1,a6(8K}|?`(\ 1 _MY60E&irT)OH2M@#si^o6KrD@oqaSgA"8"=&(O/]4h3Q7YN:!9S!3)?j;'4j'EH8]Hb4^]BFc_j5Yqu#";Rmaq?>?PF/t6FcZW8$C3t-S0VHdOq4`G&>^[X>J9rJhlj#0,0!%]JY[O,SDIUJ(WW@$j(3k)9mIl=WXn#t= 3n*qISeD_Mo_SOho.q5lRRcL2/r,NVP^FFbEt[%p+up3IQ^X.c+D6?9! )J47\/X=lV(FVFVgP;C$1=XnTOqV(MHY/rYh:f^.5NmJa@S2C&:.bqH+^"K1tFP\ ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ Rigor, in qualitative terms, is a way to establish trust or confidence in the findings of a research study. W@7[,JLshH'IGVEiUVMHej.e,r^-3&F2F$(ARp! )c:;GE:$,SCT(.b&?uBT/TX^d%,2aR,_HWG"m][)Fb3EJ.1!lgPU\U/PIo/XN It allows participants to clarify what their intentions were, correct errors, and provide additional information if necessary. 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G@)s*cidJGK`JLC*5EhV+.9PP-$'%8WRhVL0Y*rofbG0_/[JW`<8O5=b-(Kd`?tZpB <> Introduction Why qualitative approaches in social pharmacy research? 62 0 obj [bJEbU+e[^\Q'+UTJMh\kF`\mOos#sYB ):D82X[:28.3=[[?,`W%:M$:/)8DI2\(6f^:Ro7CYhEPOFRjQ "0B(_'qsb(#o4gt.j*BS!I"jM7G ]RM+Y[T>gZWMJ\:S+1-@dlkPsj0q @5oE_e7$-K83J@,-mXQgSQp>#B[SjC7/VW;HJq%TXO%7ei2UM-Y]b\hsJfG"XUV:g7&7+0n*RTbgX#;*%M:U Mc[!I?_BL.,`%%D`rO;H+>'COFaQhLn[F?enIGX$fMh;>$=\_EH]FPR]Me7jCqHH< 5/:`"C0d9%hOc7RjLY/NuZJ^qSto5K.iE438S+IL?7'O7D94 g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! a()4DM;I=bn`,sEhB*UX3SPG:GTVfTJH9_m$ek\/*)b2gbQ^9JY^d,jnr)sL;\>srOon?B1LC&5%(4?bT%\CNZjF[1ui`fBirLd0B:M]&d5#Y`! &gc(us q8j.O,:;0|NPY[E)EYB:V80P W1Pcf&k4@\-IpH;M4e2k!k'1X9J:\2n>Z>l<3*k3s[DIS7r" "[X72C4ltg?on#8,N7gE)/oZgRPT?8K44>-e_qgt:G:Z57U^B*NpB\RliQTB"uG/h 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 Do\g&Js:$Ng+o^bbVoJR%&7q)L`\&Q@EGKAIi#/c2mF?Si-)iauH*E6/#OuS@ mc>09-K("5(HNI(6An._,0hQ'=Uj-(f#'XJ;#/Mhi:($sUGRIFB:SucT9PG!i8B8K Q[LL$bj_6e4l_0qf(J7NjYJ,oG.PA2[rn%I(UtDsc(7oml]T:&O#W2! 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