susquehannock legends

Described as a 4-foot-tall hairy ape-man fond of apples, the Albatwitch is thought to live around the Susquehanna River, most notably in the Chickies Rock area. They also worked as gatherers and hunters, collecting wild-plant foods, seeds, nuts, insects, reptiles, mollusks, fish, birds, and mammals. When Captain John Smith first met the Iroquoian-speaking Susquehannock Indians on his 1608 voyage up the Chesapeake Bay, he described them as giants. One village even had a cannon. Archaeology of the Lower Susquehanna River reveals that American Indians had utilized its resources for thousands of years. The Susquehannock Indians Wikipedia, Byways & Historic Trails Great Drives in America, Soldiers and Officers in American History, Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas Declaring Independence, Stanley, Ks Extinct but Still Here (LOK), Black Bob Reservation in Johnson County (LOK), Make History Come Alive With These Online Tools and Resources, Delaware Tribe of Indians, Bartlesville, Oklahoma, Moravian of the Thames First Nation, Canadian reserve, Delaware of Six Nations with two Canadian reserves, Lenape Indian Tribe of Delaware, Delaware, Nanticoke-Lenni Lenape Tribal Nation, New Jersey. Many of them temporarily moved south tothe Chesapeake Bay in the summer to fish and gather shellfish returning, before returning in the fall to harvest their crops and hunt. Traditionally they were divided into the Munsee, Unami, and Unalachtigo, three social divisions determined by language and location. Read Barry Kents 1984 publication Susquehannans Indians, which uses archaeological and historical records to tell the story of the Susquehannock and other native tribes from 1450 to 1750. The stockaded communities were surrounded by large fields of corn, beans, and squash. Know of any other Greenway ghouls and legends? Instead of front paws, it had bird claws, and instead of back feet, it had horse hooves, which confused trackers trying to follow it. Its said that a strange glowing fireball known as the Swamp Angel still frequents those wetlands. The Kettle Creek Monster, West Branch Dugong, or Susquehanna Seal is a marine creature that dates back over a century. As nutrients in the soil were depleted, productivity decreased forcing the Susquehannock to move their towns about every two decades. Upon the arrival of Europeans, between 1550 and 1625, indirect European influence was inflicted on the Indian cultures, (Richter). Rather than controlling the elements, this Water Witch, being the symbol of something ever flowing knows a persons destiny. In response to Pontiacs War, begun in the western part of the state, the Paxton Boys, a group of anti-Indian vigilantes, slaughtered six Indians at Conestoga. If you journey to this section of the Greenway in search of the Water Witch, think twice. A mythical being known to frequent European folklore, a Water Witch was said to have power over the wind and weather, often appearing to sailors and others in the seafaring trade. Thought to live mostly in the trees, Albatwitches prefer to keep to the shadows, and are said to make their presence known by a sound like a cracking whip (perhaps branch-breaking). According to Henry Shoemakers Susquehanna Legends, They say, that is the old mountaineers, that the Water Witch was an Indian girl who suddenly changed her mind towards her lover. Click the bio link in the profile to read the history of Conestoga Township as recorded in the 1875 Atlas of Lancaster County. The name Albatwitch is thought to derive from a Pennsylvania Dutch-English compound word meaning apple-snitch after the creatures habit of stealing apples from picnic baskets or throwing the fruit at people while sitting in trees. Get the latest Job listings in your email! The idea of the Susquehannocks being giants was likely further enhanced when the malnourished Europeans stood next to the well feed Indians. How the Susquehannocks became known as the Conestoga. Early relationships were friendly between the Lenape and the Dutch. They were later allowed to return to their former territory along the Susquehanna River. Once a dominant power, disease brought about through contact with Europeans decimated their population by 1675. It is detailed as a marine animal or sea monster with the the bulk of an ox or hippopotamus. The monster was not the form or image of anything else on earth and was said to make a horrible howling and thrashing at night. The Susquehannocks slipped out of the fort at night and harassed settlers in Virginia and Maryland, then eventually moved back to live along the Susquehanna River. As the Dutch grew more demanding and encroached on more Native American lands, the Lenape fought against them in Kiefts War (16431645), in which they were subjected to the Pavonia Massacre and the Esopus Wars (1659-1663). Another marine mystery is said to lurk in Susquehanna waters near the rivers confluence in Northumberland County. The Shoshone were a close relative of the Ute, Paiute, Gosiute, and Bannock Indian tribes, with whom they shared land and intermarried. John Smith, who explored the upper Chesapeake Bay area in 1608. Their first contact with Europeans occurred in 1524 when Giovanni da Verrazzano was greeted by local Lenape, who came by canoe after his ship entered what is now called Lower New York Bay. I have never heard that account before. Getting Started Her work is focused on promoting trails and communities within our vibrant and connected Susquehanna Greenway, so that people like you can enjoy opportunities to engage with the outdoors. Indeed it's a shameful crime many an entire indian tribe was wiped out by settlers--Not to mention the conquest [theft] of their land. Often scores of people pass over them every day without ever knowing. So, grab your monster repellent and get ready to learn all about the spooky specters of the Susquehanna Greenway! Today you can visit his grave inscribed with his real name Isaac Gaines at Furst-McGonigal Cemetery in Clearfield County. When Dutch and Swedish traders came into the region in the early 1600s, theSusquehannock traded and allied themselves with them. Next time you find yourself in a pickle, just make your way along the West Branch section of the Greenway to Clinton County, and see if the Swamp Angel can help you out! The Hemlock forests of northern Pennsylvania are said to be home to a sad mythical creature known as the Squonk. The major Algonquian-speaking tribes that inhabited the Lower Susquehanna region included Lenni Lenape (also known as Delaware), Shawnee, and the Ganawese (also known as Conoy). Little is known of Susquehannock political organization, but they are thought to have been subdivided into several subtribes and clans; the name may have referred originally to a confederacy of tribes. Their name Lenni means genuine, pure, real, original, and Lenape means Indian. Their claim to superiority was recognized by the other tribes, who accorded them the title of Grandfather. The tribes common name of Delaware is not of Native American origin, but the English colonists called them that for the Delaware River. River Roots is Susquehanna NHAs blog series featuring history from York and Lancaster Counties that showcases the Susquehanna Rivers historic, cultural, and natural resources contributions to our nations heritage. They were a hunter-gatherer tribe, and also domesticated horses which were used for the buffalo hunts. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). As early as 7000 BC, when the great Wisconsin glacier covered New York State, Pennsylvania was covered with arctic plants and spruce-fir forests. It is Beckers belief that the Susquehannocks high protein, maize-based diet was responsible for their greater height. The Susquehannock people, who were culturally related to the Iroquois of New York's Finger Lakes Region, moved to Pennsylvania's Susquehanna Valley around 1550 AD. In 1763 the few remaining Susquehannock were massacred by whites angered by accounts of an Indian war on the Pennsylvania frontier, several hundred miles away. Updates? Problems on the frontiers led to the mobilization of the militias of Maryland and Virginia and in confusion, they surrounded the peaceful Susquehannock village. Buy Organic Seeds Risk Free From Organic Seeds TOP - Credit Card & Western Union Payment Options, Organic Seeds TOP is a seed vendor based in the Ukraine. Warpaths 2 Peacepipes They called the area Drumore after Dromore, a place in Ireland where many Scotch-Irish families emigrated from, including the Long and Neel families. Capt. Pennsylvanias Water Witch is a lesser known entity with her own unique history and abilities. Explore the archaeological digs that help us understand the Susquehannock culture from the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission Native American Archaeology Contact Period. This week we are featuring the rise and fall of the Susquehannock culture on the lower Susquehanna. The governor condemned the killings and forbid further violence. We work hard to deliver timely, relevant news, for free. the bulk of an ox or hippopotamus. The monster was not the form or image of anything else on earth and was said to make a horrible howling and thrashing at night. During the Beaver Wars, 1649 to 1656, the Susquehannocks formed an alliance with Maryland to acquire rifles and successfully fought the much larger Iroquois Confederacy. The Lenape or Delaware tribe, also called the Lenni Lenape, are of theAlgonquin family and first lived in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York. New Amsterdam, in what is now New York City, was founded in 1624. Most simply described as a mishmash of animals, the Giwoggle was called upon by local witches to wreak havoc and mayhem on farmers who offended them. The front door is a Bible and Cross frame and panel door and the side door is an older style plank door. Towns were composed of longhouses that were 60 80 feet in length and housed a number of nuclear families related through the female line. ).This history's content and style are representative. Sign Up to be eligible for our weekly Giveaways! The Susquehannock lived in large fortified towns, the largest of which may have had a population of nearly 3,000 people. Those not in the village at the time of the massacre were taken to the workhouse (jail) in Lancaster city for their own protection. It is limited to the lower 48 states of the U.S. but also includes those First Nations from Canada and Mexico that had important roles (Huron, Micmac, Assiniboine, etc. Having influence with the Gods, the deserted one had her made into unchanging water; and in her helpless state, she mocks the petty aspirations of mankind.. Sea lion, shark, whale, or some prehistoric dinosaurthe true identity of the creature remains a mystery. The tribe reached their peak of power in the early 1670s and afterward began to decline due to infectious diseases and continued warfare. Those Lenape sympathetic to the United States remained at Coshocton, Ohio and their leaders signed the Treaty of Fort Pitt with the Americans in 1778. Whether this union came about through force or free will is not known. Nutrient Deficiencies The most famous account of the Swamp Angel originates with a man named Isaac Gaines, aka Loop Hill Ike, a real-life folk hero and legendary witch and monster hunter during his era. The Lenape supported the British in the French and Indian Wars (1688-1763). She emerges as if dreamlike to reveal that destiny, but beware; her prophecies are often mocking or even withheld completely, leaving the witness wanting and dispirited. After the Lenape were defeated, they became subservient to the Susquehannock and referred to them as uncles.. It is said that he called upon the aid of the spirit to break a witchs curse, summoning her by burning a plant called foxfire. At this time, many of the Lenape began to migrate to Texas. Following the American victory in the Revolution, the Christian Lenape called the Christian Munsee, and those that had supported the English relocated to Ontario, Canada. He would also be the executor of both of their estates. Is the Kettle Creek Monster / West Branch Dugong / Susquehanna Seal really gone? What's happening today? The home is located next to the park office. As this trade expanded, native made items were replaced with European equivalents like the brass kettle. The Catawissa Path The sixth article of the treaty indicated that the United States contemplated possibly forming an Indian State with the Lenape at its head. It is likely that dugouts were used primarily for fishing, ferrying cargo, and crossing the river. These firearms were carefully not traded to Iroquois or Lenape tribes. Instead of front paws, it had bird claws, and instead of back feet, it had horse hooves, which confused trackers trying to follow it. While exploring the Chesapeake Bay in 1608, Captain John Smith first encountered the Susquehannocks. The self-given. Hear David Ramsey, a local citizen tell about his Mohawk ancestory. The Penns Creek Path Dick Shovel However, as their northern neighbors, the New York Iroquois, gained power and prestige, the Susquehannocks experienced pressure to migrate southward until eventually in 1675, when devastated with disease and devoid of any European allies, they became annihilated by the Iroquois. A TIME LINE OF MAJOR EVENTS IN HAUDENOSAUNEE HISTORY. I., p. 120, gives an account of a prodigious giant tribe of Indians, the Sasquesahanocks, whom he met with at the head of Chesapeake Bay. Gardening is a great way to spend time outdoors and get in touch with nature. Keystone State. The account received mixed reactions, some questioning the reporters encounters, others coming forward with similar sightings in the area. Chahta and Chiksa' led their people from the direction of the setting sun. After cross-referencing the location on an 1864 township map, I believe the property once belonged to Elijah Levi. It is unknown what the Iroquoian-speaking Susquehannocks called themselves, but the name that graces the river, the people, and the state park is derived from the name, Sasquesahanough, given to Captain Smith by his Algonquian-speaking American Indian interpreter. In the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, General Anthony Wayne defeated the Lenape and other Ohio-American Indian peoples. Marshall Beckers 1991 research does confirm that the 16th century Susquehannocks were, in fact, taller than most Native Americans of their time; however, they were not nearly as large as Smith leads readers to think. Our next Greenway legend is another Clinton County native, and even holds the title as the Official Monster of Clinton County.. This relation has been rejected as incredible, and considered as on a footing with the stories of Baron Munchausen, or Sinbad the Sailor ; but these evidences would seem to confirm it.*. Listen carefully for its sad sniffles and think twice before you step in any puddles. It might have been a Squonk! Like other Iroquian tribes, they planted maize, beans, and squash in spring. The Lenape claimed to be the parent from which numerous Algonquin tribes descended. Little is known about Pennsylvanias first human occupants. While the exterior of the structure has been stabilized the interior is currently not accessible for public visitation. Although numerous trails make up the STS, the route runs as a continuous marked loop of nearly 85 miles, making it one of the longest continuous loops in the Eastern US. There are, however, known descendants among the Iroquois and Lenape today. It is said that he called upon the aid of the spirit to break a witchs curse, summoning her by burning a plant called foxfire. During the sixteenth century and carrying forward into the years of colonization the Susquehannocks were the most numerous people in the Susquehanna Valley; in fact it is estimated that their population exceeded six thousand in the 1640s. The Susquehannock created a distinctive vessel known as the Face Pot. Loop Hill Ike isnt around to be the hero these days! It is detailed as a marine animal or sea monster with the bulk of an ox or hippopotamus. The monster was not the form or image of anything else on earth and was said to make a horrible howling and thrashing at night. Susquehanna River, New York by the Detroit Photographic Co, 1900. The weight and bulkiness made it extremely difficult to transport the canoes over land. Partly cloudy. Smiths fascination with the Susquehannock is reflected by the prominent figure of the Susquehannock man included on his map of the Chesapeake Bay. , a fantasy field guide published in 1910 by William T. Cox. At the same time, the English were settling in the area in great numbers. Warfare and disease eventually overwhelmed the Susquehannock. Among numerous excavated gravesites a Susquehannock chief was unearthed and measured. This year February had the most unusual weather. Would you like to receive our daily morning newsletter? In and around Columbia, there are old Susquehannock legends of the albatwitch, a creature much like the one Fisher saw on Route 23. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Campers have access to a marina, shopping, restaurants and cultural attractions within a short drive. Susquehannock Indians reportedly painted images that match the description of these creatures on their war shields, and the Algonquin also told of small hairy hominid creatures, which they called Megumoowesoos. Creepy. Susquehannock Indian Village by Herman Moll, 1720. yeah steve Quayle's site has some amazing info on there.I frequent it quite a bit. They also worked as gatherers and hunters, collecting wild-plant foods, seeds, nuts, insects, reptiles, mollusks, fish, birds, and mammals. The Susquehannock were first described by Capt. Smith only traveled up the Susquehanna a few miles, where he met a delegation of Susquehannock representatives just north of the rivers mouth. The Lenape claimed to be the "parent" from which numerous . These lands, consisting of about 1,000,000 acres, were located west of the MissouriRiver and north of the Kansas River. Located just south of Washington Boro, it appears to have been occupied between 1575 and 1600 by as many as 1,300 people. Traditionally they were divided into the Munsee, Unami, and Unalachtigo, three social divisions determined by language and location. As part of his inheritance, James chose a piece of his fathers land to farm and build a home for his wife Catherine and six children. During the American Revolution, the Lenape were divided. But that's the proud history of white man's domination in the western country. According to Henry ShoemakersSusquehanna Legends, They say, that is the old mountaineers, that the Water Witch was an Indian girl who suddenly changed her mind towards her lover. Today in the United States, the average height of a male is 69.1 inches. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. In 1859, the U.S. government forced the remaining Lenape onto a reservation near Anadarko, Oklahoma. Send your story to. A creature with many names, this elusive legend has been said to lurk in the waters of the Susquehanna River near Lock Haven in Clinton County. Scotch-Irish began homesteading the eastern shore of the Susquehanna River as early as 1715. Since that fateful day, she would appear over the swamp in a glowing orb. They traded with other tribes along the Erie River in northern Ohio and the Huron and Neutral people of southern Ontario, Canada. Really getting tired of all the cover ups and making people look like conspiracy theorists, when they are not. In 1675, approximately 500 survivors fled to an abandoned Piscataway fort along the Potomac River. Great read, Soteria. Today, there are three federally recognized tribes in the United States, including: Canada recognizes three Lenape First Nations with four Indian reserves, which are all located in southwestern Ontario: Three groups who claim descent from Lenape people are state-recognized tribes: More than a dozen organizations in Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia, Idaho, and Kansasclaim descent from Lenape people and are unrecognized tribes. They traded with other tribes along the Erie River innorthern Ohio and the Huron and Neutral people of southern Ontario, Canada. They mapped and documented nearly 3,000 miles of the Bay and its rivers. Susquehannock war parties routinely attacked the Lenape tribes along the Delaware River and traveled down the Susquehanna River where they also raided the Nanticoke, Conoy, and Powhatan living on Chesapeake Bay. She is said to have appeared near Rattlesnake Run in the remote wilderness of the Nature Conservancy West Branch Forest Preserve. Wild plants, fruits, and nuts supplemented their diets. Drumore became known for the manufacturing of sickles and scythes used for grain harvesting. The Susquehannocks established their towns along the branches of the Susquehanna because the waters facilitated travel and trade in the region and provided the Indians with a constant supply of water and fish. Known to archeologists as the Paleo-Indians, we can only speculate what their physical appearance, language, religion, and social activity was like by studying the tools that they used. Low 39F. Seen as recently as the 2000s, the Susquehannas Mystery Thing was publicized by outdoor guide and writer Ken Maurer of Sunburys, The story of this strange creature is thought to have its roots in Pennsylvanias lumber history. They terminate their alliance with the Susquehannock. Following a legal battle covering almost 20 years, the Lenape fought the decision, which was finally overturned in 1996, regaining federal recognition as a separate tribe. Compiled by Kathy Weiser-Alexander, February 2019. It was often blamed for the spilling or capsizing of lumber rafts at the time. When Europeans first arrived, they were in alliance with the Algonquian tribes of the east shore of Chesapeake Bay and at war with those on the west shore. Lancaster County has several towns with peculiar names. A friend of Maurers who had also seen the creature described it as a small submarine about to surface. An article in the Daily Democrat from February 27, 1897, describes the travels of a creature that existed before the valley was settled, making its way up the river and settling in the area between present-day Lock Haven and Kettle Creek. Alana can be reached at [email protected]. Tensions between tribes over the fur trade were fierce throughout the 17th century. The Kettle Creek Monster, West Branch Dugong, or Susquehanna Seal is a marine creature that dates back over a century. She is said to have appeared near Rattlesnake Run in the remote wilderness of the Nature Conservancy West Branch Forest Preserve. Tread carefully next time you paddle your way through this section of the Greenway. The Kettle Creek Monster, West Branch Dugong, or Susquehanna Seal is a marine creature that dates back over a century. Today you can visit his grave inscribed with his real name Isaac Gaines at Furst-McGonigal Cemetery in Clearfield County. Gnadenhutten Massacre of the Delaware Indians during the American Revolution. The American colonel who led the attack was roasted slowly at the stake. The investigation revealed that the males in this skeletal population were, on average, around 5 feet, 7 inches. The Swamp Angel appeared with just the right advice and the day was saved. According to legend, escaped slaves captured a Native American brave and maiden, and killed the man. A small portion of the survivors fled to a reservation on the Conestoga Creek (in the present day Lancaster area), but the majority were absorbed into the Iroquoian people. Her spirit would even help you if you went to the swamp and asked, and thus it became known as the Swamp Angel. A proportion of Meherrin were later absorbed by the Tuscarora and migrated as a part of them to New York in 1722. As Halloween approaches, nows the time to brush up on your Greenway ghouls and legends. One thing is for sure, the Susquehanna Mystery Thing would be a spooky sight to see from a kayak in the Greenway waters of Northumberland County. On Maurers own sighting, he says, It pushed a wake that made waves that lapped up on the shoreline. Get a weekly list of events happening in North Central Pa.! Susquehannocks traveled to trade with Europeans on footpaths and using their dugout canoes. Tribes lived in fortified cities, which were composed of sixty to eighty foot long, bark-covered longhouses and several families, who were all related to one another via matrilineal lines of descent, lived in each long house. When Texas gained its independence from Mexico in 1836, President Sam Houston sought friendly Lenape services, and several members of the tribe became scouts and helped to protect the frontier from hostile western tribes. These members moved to the west, closer to Detroit, where they settled on the Scioto and Sandusky Rivers. By 1860, the Delaware had reached a consensus to leave Kansas, and the tribe purchased land from Cherokee Nation and established their headquartersnear present-dayBartlesville, Oklahoma. By the Treaty of St. Marys, Ohio, in October 1818, the Lenape ceded their lands in Indiana for lands west of the Mississippi River for an annual annuity of $4,000. 100% of your contribution to NorthcentralPa.com goes directly to helping us cover news and events in the region. Having influence with the Gods, the deserted one had her made into unchanging water; and in her helpless state, she mocks the petty aspirations of mankind., being the symbol of something ever flowing. At about 50 yards, it sank out of sight. They were described asnoble, heroic, aggressive, warlike, andimperialistic. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Pottery of this form and size were used by the Susquehannock as common food vessels at meal time and as containers to store small personal items such as needles, fish hooks, spoons and other items made of antler, bone and wood. Please enable scripts and reload this page. Historians and archaeologists have spent generations learning and understanding this formidable tribe and their important relationship to the river, the fur trade, and European settlement. When we read Smiths account, its easy to picture seven-foot-tall Native Americans roaming the forests surrounding the Susquehanna River, especially when many of you reading this are six feet tall yourself. The attack was roasted slowly at the time according to legend, escaped slaves captured a Native American and... New York by the Detroit Photographic Co, 1900 social divisions determined by language and location infectious diseases continued... Really getting tired of all the cover ups and making people look like conspiracy theorists, when they are.... Representatives just north of the Nature Conservancy West Branch Forest Preserve contact Period the tribe their... Susquehanna Seal is a Bible and Cross frame and panel door and the Dutch cargo, and Unalachtigo, social. 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