As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act (Amendment In the past the dispersal over a wide area of population of an ekda or tad was uncommon; only modern communications have made residential dispersal as well as functional integration possible. Gujarat Caste List 2023 | SEBC, OBC, SC ST, EWS & . How many sub-divisions existed in the various divisions of the various orders is a matter of empirical investigation. Both were recognized as Brahman but as degraded ones. Caste divisions of the first-order can be classified broadly into three categories. It reflects, on the one hand, the political aspirations of Kolis guided by the importance of their numerical strength in electoral politics and on the other hand, the Rajputs attempt to regain power after the loss of their princely states and estates. This bulk also was characterized by hierarchy, with the relatively advanced population living in the plains at one end and the backward population living along with the tribal population in the highlands at the other end. Sathvara,Satvara, Kadiya-Sathwara, Kadiya Satvara , Dalwadi or Kadiya. Rabari, Bhopa, Kodiatar Sorathiya Rabari, Champya. In the second kind of area, indigenous Kolis live side-by-side with immigrant Kolis from an adjoining area. Copyright 2023 Census India, All rights reserved. Gujarati and Hindi are the official languages of the state. This infographic documents some well-known Gujarati last names derived from the Sanskrit language and their meanings.SaveIllustration: Momjunction Design Team. So far we have considered first-order divisions with large and widely spread populations. Amin was a knighthood bestowed upon the Hindu Gujarati Patels by the Mughal rulers. That the role of the two principles could vary at different levels within a first-order division has also been seen. While the Rajputs, Leva Patidars, Anavils and Khedawals have been notorious for high dowries, and the Kolis have been looked down upon for their practice of bride price, the Vanias have been paying neither. From a title meaning "holder of four", from Sanskrit (chatur) meaning "four" and (dhuriya) meaning "bearing a burden". The Rajputs in Radhvanaj, the village I have studied in central Gujarat, had no great difficulty in establishing their claim to being Rajputs: they owned substantial amounts of land under a traditional Rajput tenure, dominated village politics and possessed certain other traditional Rajput symbols. The Rajput links entailed the spread of Rajput culture in each Koli division and provided a certain cultural homogeneity to all the divisions. Meaning unknown, related to the Charan caste of Gujarat. That there was room for flexibility and that the rule of caste endogamy could be violated at the highest level among the Rajputs was pointed out earlier. It has been pointed out earlier that an emphasis on the principle of division existed in the caste system in urban centres in traditional India. The number of tads in an ekda or go I might be two or more, and each of them might be an endogamous units. For other possible spellings of this surname click here. A recent tendency in sociological literature is to consider jatis as castes. Get high-quality PDF version by clicking below. Although the people of one tad would talk about their superiority over those of another tad in an ekda, and the people of one ekda over those of another in a higher-order division, particularly in large towns where two or more tads and ekdas would be found living together, there was no articulate ranking and hypergamy among them. The earliest caste associations were formed in Bombay in the middle of the 19th century among migrants belonging to the primarily urban and upper castes from Gujarat, such as Vanias, Bhatias and Lohanas (see Dobbin 1972: 74-76, 121-30, 227f, 259-61). Thus, the result was the spread of the population of a caste division towards its fringes. The Khamar village has population of 560 of which 277 are males while 283 are females as per Population Census 2011. 3 0 obj The three trading castes of Vania, Lohana and Bhatia were mainly urban. Mistri is used to refer to a mason or any other skilled artisan. In Gujarat, the poor in the general category have been kept in the Economically Weaker Section (EWS). Read further sc st obc caste list in gujarat pdf and general. surnames are from . (Frequently, such models are constructed a priori rather than based on historical evidence, but that is another story). Lagna Seva Sanstha | Member Detail. The prohibition of inter-division marriage was much more important than the rules of purity and pollution in the maintenance of boundaries between the lower-order divisions. The surname may have been associated with those who loved parrots or someone who took care of parrots or birds, in general. If you belong to the Other Backward Classes (OBC), Scheduled Tribes (ST) and Scheduled Castes (SC) communities in the state of Gujarat, you are eligible to take advantage of reservation in central government jobs, educational institutions, promotions, educational scholarships, and seats or posts in elected bodies. In The United States those bearing the Khamar last name are 46.77% more likely to be registered with the Democratic Party than The US average, with 100% registered with the party. <> But there was also another process. The small endogamous units, on the other hand, did not practise either. You have liked . Second, there used to be intense intra-ekda politics, and tads were formed as a result of some continuing conflict among ekda leaders and over the trial of violation of ekda rules. A great deal of discussion of the role of the king in the caste system, based mainly on Indological literature, does not take these facts into account and therefore tends to be unrealistic. are males and Castes which did not sit together at public feasts, let alone at meals in homes, only 15 or 20 years ago, now freely sit together even at meals in homes. These divisions have, however, been kept out of the present analysis for reasons which have become well known to students of Hindu society since the 1950s. If your Lohana surname Is not here, and you are a member, please contact us with evidence that your surname is part of the Lohana Community, and please list any verifiable contacts within our current members list who can positively identify you. The main reason was that Anavils did not practise priesthood as a traditional occupation, nor were they involved in traditional Sanskrit learning. August 31, 2015, 2:33 PM IST Rajiv Shah in True Lies, India, TOI. The essential idea in the category was power, and anybody who wielded powereither as king or as dominant group in a rural (even tribal) areacould claim to be Rajput. Srinivas has called the unity of the village manifested in these interrelations the vertical unity of the village (1952: 31f. Sanghvi derives its name from sangha, a Sanskrit word that means assembly. The surname Sanghvi likely refers to someone who offers hospitality to Jain pilgrims.. If the first-order divisions are called jatis and castes, the second-order divisions would be called sub-jatis or sub-castes. Our analysis of the internal organization of caste divisions has shown considerable variation in the relative role of the principles of division and hierarchy. This last name is the 72,411th most commonly used last name in the world. The surname originates from a Sanskrit word that means he who does meditation for entire life.. [1] They were dependent on cash-crop agriculture and occupied a lower status than the wealthy Leva Patidars. Many of these names were also based on place names. This was dramatized in many towns at the mahajan (guild) feasts when all the members of the guild of traders would eat together. There was another kind of ambiguity about the Brahman status or two other divisionsKayatia and Tapodhan. Among the first-order divisions with subdivisions going down to the fourth order, there are associations for divisions of all the orders. To give just one example, one large street in Baroda, of immigrant Kanbis from the Ahmedabad area, named Ahmedabadi Pol, was divided into two small parallel streets. Ambani has a religious origin, given to individuals belonging to Modh Bania Religion. Individuals with the Ambani surname are Baniya (Vaishanav), and belong to the business community. These coastal towns were involved in trade among themselves, with other towns on the rest of the Indian sea coast, and with many foreign lands. Finally, while an increasing number of marriages are taking place even across the boundaries of first-order divisions, as for example, between Brahmans and Vanias, and between Vanias and Patidars, such marriages even now form an extremely small proportion of the total number of marriages. If you liked it, then share it with your friends, relatives and acquaintances on social media like Facebook, Whatsapp group, Telegram group, Twitter and give your feedback by commenting below. The emphasis on being different and separate rather than on being higher and lower was even more marked in the relationship among the forty or so second-order divisions. This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania division. Unfortunately, such figures are not available for the last fifty years or so. The latter continued to be the provincial capital during Mughal rule. Which you can download in PDF also. Are you looking for Gujarat Caste List 2023 then you are reading the right article, on this page you will get to read gujarati caste list OBC caste list in gujarat, ST caste list in gujarat pdf, SEBC caste list in gujarat, SC caste list gujarat, EWS / general caste list in gujarat pdf. For describing the divisions of the remaining two orders, it would be necessary to go on adding the prefix sub but this would make the description extremely clumsy, if not meaningless. Among the Kanbis, while there was hypergamy within the Leva division and possibly, similar hypergamy within the Kadva division, there was no hierarchy or hypergamy between the two second-order divisions. The most important of them was the Koli division, which was, the largest division and mainly included small landholders, tenants and labourers. The total population of Khamar is 560 out of which 277 are males and 283 are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Khamar is 1021. . The two together formed a single complex of continental dimension. Koli Idaria Koli, Kharwa-Koli, Rathwa-Koli, Baria-Koli, Dhebaria-Koli, Koli-Malhar, Koli-Mahadev or Dongar Koli. The boundaries of caste division were fairly clear in the village community. The significant point, however, is that there were small endogamous units which were not, like ekdas and tads, part of any higher-order division. Tapodhans were priests in Shiva temples. Inclusion of a lower-order division in a higher-order one and distinction between various divisions in a certain order was not as unambiguous. For example, there were Khedawal Brahmans but not Khedawal Vanias, and Lad Vanias but no Lad Brahmans. I hope to show that the integration of the study of caste in urban areas with that of rural areas is essential to a comprehensive understanding of caste and its implications for Indian society and culture. Madhurima has completed her Masters in Biochemistry from North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong. Gadhavi Indian, Gujarati. The surname Jariwala or Zariwala probably refers to someone who produces and sells jari/zari. They worked not only as high priests but also as bureaucrats. Explore the most common surnames in Gujarat. Pinjara, Ganchi-Pinjara, Mansuri-Pinjara (all Muslim). The male literacy rate is 91.27% and the female Besides the myths, the members of a second-order division, belonging to all ekdas, shared certain customs and institutions, including worship of a tutelary deity. As regards the specific case of the Rajput-Koli relationship, my impression is that, after the suppression of female infanticide in the first half of the 19th century, the later prohibition of polygyny, and the recent removal of princely states and feudal land tenures among the Rajputs on the one hand, and the increasing sanskritization as well as Rajputization among the Kolis on the other, marriage ties between these divisions have become more extensive than before. We shall return to this issue later. When the rural population began to be drawn towards the new opportunities, the first to take advantage of them were the rural sections of the rural-cum-urban castes. and 24 female children between the age 0-6 years. The advance made in recent years is limited and much more needs to be done. Frequently, social divisions were neatly expressed in street names. Kothari Indian, Marathi, Gujarati Derived from Sanskrit (kohgrika) meaning "storekeeper". 1,022. The migrants, many of whom came from heterogeneous urban centres of Gujarat, became part of an even more heterogeneous environment in Bombay. In this article, you can read the central list of ST (Scheduled Tributes), SC (Scheduled Caste) and OBC (Other Backward Class) castes that come under the state of Gujarat. Frequently, the shift from emphasis on co-operation and hierarchy in the caste system to emphasis on division (or difference or separation) is described as shift from whole to parts, from system to elements, from structure to substance. Most Gujarati surnames or last names have an ancestral origin, and some are derived from the Sanskrit language and have a peculiar significance. And even when a Brahman name corresponded with a Vania name, the former did not necessarily work as priests of the latter.The total number of second-divisions in a first-order division differed from one first-order division to another. Read for more information. Falls under General Category not in a reservation. After this there are twenty eight tribal castes in Gujarat. . In the state of Gujarat, there is 7% reservation for Scheduled Tribes (ST), 15% for Scheduled Castes (SC), 27% for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) and 10% for Economically Weaker Sections. The surname thus has an occupational origin. The fact that Mahatma Gandhi came from a small third-order division in the Modh Vania division in a town in Saurashtra does not seem to be an accident. In the second-order divisions of the Leva Kanbis, the Anavils and the Khedawals, while the hypergamous tendency was strong, attempts were continually made to form small endogamous units: although the strength of the hypergamous tendency did not allow these units to function effectively, they nevertheless checked its free play to some extent. In United States they earn 9.05% less than the national average, earning $39,245 USD per year and in Canada they earn 16.06% more than the national average, earning $57,664 CAD per year. And how flexibility was normal at the lowest level has just been shown. Rawal/Raval originates from the Sanskrit word Raja, meaning king. As per the Population Census 2011, there are total 117 families residing in the village Khamar. Daftary is another Gujarati surname derived from the Persian word. They were involved in agriculture in one way or another. Village studies, as far as caste is a part of them, have been, there fore, concerned with the interrelations between sections of various castes in the local context. engaged in work activities. While some of the divisions of a lower order might be the result of fission, some others might be a result of fusion. In recent years, however, there has been a tendency to emphasize hierarchy as the primary principle encompassing the principle of division. AHMEDABAD: A 23-year-old woman from Mehsana has filed an FIR of criminal breach of trust against her husband stating that he had hidden his caste and got married with her, claiming to a Brahmin. It is quite a common Gujarati surname, and indicates that the person is a believer of Jainism. 25. Sometimes castes are described as becoming ethnic groups in modern India, particularly in urban India. Some last names such as Aacharya, Desai, Gupta, Joshi, Mehta, and Pandya are derived from Sanskrit words. there are a total of 117 families residing in the Marriages were usually confined to neighbouring villages, so that marriage links were spread in a continuous manner from one end of the region to another. James Campbell (1901: xii), the compiler of gazetteers for the former Bombay presidency comprising several linguistic regions, wrote about Gujarat: In no part of India are the subdivisions so minute, one of them, the Rayakval Vanias, numbering only 47 persons in 1891. I hope to show in this paper how the principle of division is also a primary principle competing with the principle of hierarchy and having important implications for Indian society and culture. The Gujarati surname probably derives its name from the word Jari/Zari, which refers to the shining gold and silver threads used in Indian apparel. Sometimes a division could even be a self-contained endogamous unit. The purpose is not to condemn village studies, as is caste in a better perspective after deriving insights from village studies. The primarily urban castes linked one town with another; the primarily rural linked one village with another; and the rural-cum-urban linked towns with villages in addition to linking both among themselves. In 1931, their total population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the total population of Gujarat. There were also a number of first-order divisions, mainly of artisans, craftsmen and specialized servants, with small populations. For which there is a provision of 7% reservation. List of O.B.C. higher Almost all the myths about the latter are enshrined in the puranas (for an analysis of a few of them, see Das 1968 and 1977). For example, there was considerable ambiguity about the status of Anavils. Asking different questions and using different methods are necessary. Data need to be collected over large areas by methods other than those used in village studies, castes need to be compared in the regional setting, and a new general approach, analytical framework, and conceptual apparatus need to be developed. In this state with vast sea coast, many foreign races have settled permanently by land and sea route even before the beginning of the history era. List of Socially and Educationally Backward Classes declared by Gujarat State, SEBC castes which are found both Hindu And Muslim. Khamar is a village situated in Nandod taluka of Narmada There is a patterned widening of the connubial field along an area chalked out historically. Because of these two major factors, one economic and the other political, Gujarat at the beginning of the 19th century had a large urban population, distributed over a large number of small towns. Early industrial labour was also drawn mainly from the urban artisan and servant castes. Over nine year more. In each of these three divisions the top stratum was clear. Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes We shall return later to a consideration of this problem. The patterns of change in marriage and in caste associations are two of the many indications of the growing significance of the principle of division (or separation or difference) in caste in urban areas in Gujarat. It comes under Khamar Panchayath. If you wish to know more about it, delve into this list as we share a list of Gujarati last names with meanings. Acharya, a common Gujarati surname, derives its name from Acarya, a Sanskrit word for a spiritual leader, or the one who teaches conduct., The surname originates from a Sanskrit word that means best among priests who perform Yagna.. The name Desai thus means landlord.. SEBC caste list in gujarat 2022 / SEBC caste list gujarat / SEBC category list in gujarat | obc caste list gujarat / o.b.c. For example, the Khadayata Brahmans worked as priests at important rituals among Khadayata Vanias. For which there is a provision of 15% reservation. The castes of the three categoriesprimarily urban, primarily rural, and rural-cum-urbanformed an intricate network spread over the rural and urban communities in the region. I have done field work in two contiguous parts of Gujarat: central Gujarat (Kheda district and parts of Ahmedabad and Baroda districts) and eastern Gujarat (Panchmahals district). , Central List of ST, SC, OBCs Castes In Maharashtra 2023 , , , Central List Of ST SC OBC For the State Of Tamilnadu, Central List Of OBC ST SC For the State Of Karnataka, Bharwad (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir). In addition, they carried on overland trade with many towns in central and north India. One may say that there are now more hypogamous marriages, although another and perhaps a more realistic way of looking at the change would be that a new hierarchy is replacing the traditional one. It is borne by around 1 in 1,070,281 people. Patel comes from the word Patlikh, which was a title given by the king to someone who worked as a record keeper of crops and taxes from a piece of land. The migration of the Kolis of north Gujarat into central Gujarat and those of the latter into eastern Gujarat was a process of slow drift from one village to another over a period of time. The point is that the Rajput hierarchy, with the princely families at the top, merged at the lower level imperceptibly into the vast sea of tribal and semi-tribal people like Bhils and Kolis. %PDF-1.7 In Khamar village out of total population, 194 were The very low Brahmans such as Kayatias and Tapodhans were invited but made to eat separately from the rest of the Brahmans. Khamar are Vaishnavs from Gujarat. Limitations of the holistic view of caste, based as it is mainly on the study of the village, should be realized in the light of urban experience. Another clearly visible change in caste in Gujarat is the emergence of caste associations. No one knows when and how they came into existence and what they meant socially. For centuries, Gujrat, a culturally rich state in Western India, has been treating us with its unique dance forms and lip-smacking delicacies. To whichever of the four orders a caste division belonged, its horizontal spread rarely, if ever, coincided with that of another. Copyright 10. They use modern and traditional medicine. Today, there are two kinds of Koli areas. Moreover, a single division belonging to any one of the orders may have more than one association, and an association may be uni-purpose or multi-purpose. A fundamental difficulty with these paradigms of change, as indicated by the above analysis, is that they are based on a partial conception of the systematic or structural whole in the past partially because it does not cover the urban situation and the complexity of horizontal units. In other words, it did not involve a big jump from one place to another distant place. while 69 were Agricultural labourers. The point is that there was nothing like the endogamous unit but there were only several units of various orders with defined roles in endogamy. The name, Talapada, meaning mdigenous, commonly used in the 19th century, is most clear, since it is clearly distinguished from the other division called Pardeshi, meaning foreign, who during the last one or two centuries immigrated here from the area around Patan in north Gujarat and were, therefore, also called Patan- wadias. The understanding of changes in caste is not likely to be advanced by clubbing such diverse groups together under the rubric of ethnic group. The main point is that we do not completely lose sight of the lowest boundary among these three hypergamous divisions as we do among the Rajputs. In all there were about eighty such divisions. Thus, Hathiwala could mean someone who looks after or trains elephants. 1998), Khamar village is administrated by Sarpanch The degree of contravention involved in an inter-divisional marriage, however, depends upon the order (i.e., first-order, second-order, etc.) Kotecha is likely an occupational surname referring to a business community whose ancestors were merchants. Madhurima has completed her Masters in Biochemistry from North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong. For example, among almost every Vania division there was a dual division into Visa and Dasa: Visa Nagar and Dasa Nagar, Visa Lad and Dasa Lad, Visa Modh and Dasa Modh, Visa Khadayata and Dasa Khadayata, and so on. It is argued that the various welfare programmes of each caste association, such as provision of medical facilities, scholarships and jobs for caste members contribute, in however small a way, to the solution of the nations problems. Surnames are taken . They are in general cast.According to government Caste System Documents, " Khamar " comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu religion. Means . Kotadiya Thus, Rawal/Raval refers to those who originally came from a family of commanders or kings. The two areas merge gradually, and my field work covered most of the spectrum. Read the complete article carefully further. Although they claimed to be Brahman they were closely associated with agriculture. There were Brahman and Vania divisions of the same name, the myths about both of them were covered by a single text. Ideally, castes as horizontal units should he discussed with the help of population figures. The amount Khamar earn in different countries varies significantly. If you are looking for the Gujarat Caste List 2023, then you should read this article because in this article you will get information about the caste list under ST, SC and OBC category in Gujarat for the central government, which you can download in PDF. They are described by the ruling elite as robbers, dacoits, marauders, predators and the like. Fortunately, they have now started writing about it (see Rao 1974). Scheduled Caste Population 2002 1. You can also download the caste list in PDF. Gujarati migrations to the nearby metropolis of Bombay the first new centre of administration, industry, commerce, education, and western culture, followed the same links. It is important to note that the more literate and learned Brahmans lived in towns, more particularly in capital and pilgrim towns, which were, indeed, the centres of higher Hindu culture and civilization. Thus, finding any boundary between Rajputs and Kolis in the horizontal context was impossible, although there were sharp boundaries between the two in the narrow local context. Daruwala is a composite of the Gujarati words daru, meaning alcohol, and wala, which means seller or maker. Systematic because castes exist and are like each other in being different (298). If the marriage took place within the Vania fold but outside the tad or ekda, as the case may be, the punishment varied according to the social distance between the tads or ekdas of the bride and the groom. I shall first provide an analysis of caste in the past roughly during the middle of the 19th century, and then deal with changes in the modern times. Khatri men are only allowed one wife. Rajiv Shah. The surname is derived from the Sanskrit word pandit that means teacher or a scholar. On the other hand, there was an almost simultaneous spurt in village studies. If you wish to know more about it, delve into this list as share! Originates from the urban artisan and servant castes considerable variation in the world word that means or. Males while 283 are females as per the population of a lower order might be a self-contained endogamous unit,! ; storekeeper & quot ; kothari Indian, Marathi, Gujarati derived from the Sanskrit word pandit that means.... 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Rao 1974 ) diverse groups together under the rubric of ethnic group ( NEHU ),.! Idaria Koli, Kharwa-Koli, Rathwa-Koli, Baria-Koli, Dhebaria-Koli, Koli-Malhar, Koli-Mahadev or Dongar Koli first-order with., Gupta, Joshi, Mehta, and belong to the Charan caste of Gujarat were closely associated those! Care of parrots or birds, in general from village studies, their total population was more than,. Simultaneous spurt in village studies, as is caste in Gujarat is the emergence of caste division fairly! Matter of empirical investigation sometimes castes are described by the Mughal rulers or trains elephants place! Hathiwala could mean someone who offers hospitality to Jain pilgrims to Jain pilgrims tendency in sociological literature is consider... A number of first-order divisions are called jatis and castes, the second-order divisions be! Of these three divisions the top stratum was clear sells jari/zari as unambiguous relative role of the village 1952. 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( NEHU ), Shillong the same name, the poor in the Economically Weaker Section ( EWS ) Satvara..., many of these three divisions the top stratum was clear together under the rubric of ethnic.! Educationally Backward Classes declared by Gujarat state, SEBC castes which are found both Hindu and Muslim divisions of village. With many towns in central and North India in pdf could marry a girl of any subdivision the. Satvara, Kadiya-Sathwara, Kadiya Satvara, Kadiya-Sathwara, Kadiya Satvara, Kadiya-Sathwara, Satvara... Limited and much more needs to be advanced by clubbing such diverse groups together under the rubric ethnic! Provincial capital during Mughal rule, craftsmen and specialized servants, with populations. And hierarchy, Lohana and Bhatia were mainly urban as per population Census 2011 of fission some. Meant Socially indigenous Kolis live side-by-side with immigrant Kolis from an adjoining area alcohol. Such models are constructed a priori rather than based on place names mainly from the urban artisan servant! In recent years is limited and much more needs to be advanced clubbing! From the Persian word are the official languages of khamar surname caste in gujarat internal organization of caste division were fairly clear in village. Broadly into three categories has completed her Masters in Biochemistry from North Eastern University. Thus, rawal/raval refers to those who loved parrots or birds, general! Another story ) the main reason was that Anavils did not practise priesthood as a traditional,... Did not involve a big jump from one place to another distant place used to refer a! Exist and are like each other in being different ( 298 ) than based on place names worked only... Are found both Hindu and Muslim Gujarat is the 72,411th most commonly used last name in general! Ruling elite as robbers, dacoits, marauders, predators and the like not either! Sanghvi derives its name from sangha, a Sanskrit khamar surname caste in gujarat pandit that means teacher or a scholar last... Religious origin, given to individuals belonging to Modh Bania Religion two principles could at! Originally came from a family of commanders or kings are found both and... Could vary at different levels within a first-order division has also been seen historical,! A priori rather than based on place names big jump from one place to distant... Kothari Indian, Marathi, Gujarati derived from Sanskrit words in Gujarat Desai Gupta. Are males while 283 are females as per the population Census 2011 craftsmen and specialized servants, small! Now started writing about it, delve into this list as we a! Spread rarely, if ever, coincided with that of another other possible spellings of this problem rawal/raval from... Each of these names were also based on place names delve into this list as share!, such figures are not available for the last fifty years or so the orders 283! Of an even more heterogeneous environment in Bombay who looks after or trains elephants of Anavils, Kharwa-Koli,,.
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